Gomolava 2. [antikvár]

PREDGOVOR FOREWORD Istorija istrazivanja viseslojnog arheoloskog nalazista Gomolava kod Hrtkovaca (sira okoli-na Rume) je u skracenom vidu slika razvoja arheologije u jugoslovenskom Podunavlju. Naj-pre je Mato Vohalski, ucitelj iz Hrtkovaca, kao poverenik Arheoloskog muzeja u Zagrebu 1904. godine izvrsio prvo amatersko iskopavanje Go-molave. Bogatstvo i raznovrsnost nalaza pri-vukli su paznju J. Brunsmida, ravnatelja muzeja u Zagrebu, da izvrsi probna sondiranja ovog nalazista. Posle duzeg vremenskog raz-maka vojvodanski arheolozi organizuju zastit-na iskopavanja na Gomolavi 1953—1957. godine. Ove radove na zastiti nalazista izlozenog rusilackom dejstvu visokih voda Save, organi-zuje i izvodi Vojvodanski muzej u No vom Sadu, zadrzavajuci takvu svoju ulogu i kada ovi radovi izrastaju u slozen i dugorocan pro-jekat. Zapoceta 1965. g. ova sistematska iskopavanja obuhvataju siroke prostore nalazista ugrozene recnom maticom, i traju bez prekida do 1985. godine. Tokom dvodecenijskih arheoloskih istrazivanja Gomolava je bila steciste znamenitih nauc-nih radnika i strucnjaka, letnja ákola arheologije brojnim generacijama studenata i ostala uzor kolektivnog rada, kolegijalnosti, nezabo-ravnog druzenja i primerne saradnje naucnih i kulturnih institucija sirom Jugoslavije. Ali Gomolava nije bila samo mesto okupljanja jugoslovenskih arheologa, u ovim slozenim iskopavanjima ubrzo uzimaju aktivno ucesce i strane naucne institucije. Narocito je uspesna i plodna saradnja ostvarena sa Biolosko-arheo-loskim institutom u Groningenu (Holandija) na paleobotaniökim i paleozooloskim istrazivanji-ma, kao i izradi analiza '"'C radioaktivnog ugljenika radi dobijanja apsolutnih datuma kultura zastupljenih na nalazistu. Slicna ana-liticka istrazivanja kulturnog sloja Gomolave, iako u znatno manjem obimu, izvodena su i The history of investigations of the multi-layered archaeological site of Gomolava near Hrtkovci (in the area of Ruma) presents in brief an ilustration of the development of archaeology in the Yugoslav part of the Danube region. Mato Vohalski, a teacher from Hrtkovci, acting as curator of the Archaeological Museum in Zagreb, was the first one to carry the earliest amateur excavations in Gomolava in 1904. The wealth and variety of the finds attracted the attention of J. Brunsmid, Director of the Zagreb Museum, who performed test soundings of the site. A rather long period of time elapsed before Voivodinian archaeologists organized protective excavations at Gomolava in the period 1953— 1957. These works aimed at protecting the site exposed to the destructive power of the great water of the Sava were organized and performed by the Voivodinian Museum in Novi Sad; the Museum retained this role later as the works grew and developed as a complex long-termed project. Started in 1965, these systematic excavations covered wide expanses of the site now threatened by the river mainstream and continued to the year 1985 without interruption. For twenty years of archaeological explorations Gomolava was a meetingpoint of famous researchers and experts, a summer school of archaeologists to numerous classes of students and it still remains a model of collective work, good cooperation, unforgettable friendship and joint efforts of scientific and cultural institutions all over Yugoslavia. But Gomolava proved to be more than just a place where Yugoslav archaeologists gathered together — a number of scientific institutions from other countries soon joined actively in these complex excavations. Especially successful and fruitful was the cooperation established with the Biological — Archaeologisch Instituut at Groningen (Netherlands) in the field of paleobotanical and paleozoological research, as well as in '''C radioactive carbon analyses for absolute dating of the cultures found on the site. Similar analytical investigation of the culture layer of Gomolava, though on a much smaller scale, were also carried out in cooperation with the Archaeology Division of Edinbourgh Universi-